The 4th International Workshop on eXplainable and Responsible AI and Law (XAILA2021@ICAIL) at the 18th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law (ICAIL 2021) held in Sao Paulo, Brazil (entirely online), Date: 21 June 2021

The idea of the XAILA series of JURIX workshops (1st edition XAILA 2018 in Groningen, 2nd edition XAILA 2019 in Madrid, 3rd edition XAILA 2020 in Brno (online)) is to provide an interdisciplinary platform for the discussion of ideas with respect to explainable AI, algorithmic transparency, comprehensiveness, interpretability and related topics. This year’s edition is particularly focused on the emerging idea of responsible AI (RAI) and multiple connections between the notions of explainability and responsibility but we also aim to continue the discussion in the scope of all domains related to the workshop’s topic.

Michał Araszkiewicz, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland
Martin Atzmueller, University in Osnabrück, Germany
Grzegorz J. Nalepa, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland
Bart Verheij, University in Groningen, the Netherlands

xaila2021icail-cfp1.pdf

June 21 (Monday) Entirely online (the login information to Bluejeans provided via email). Furthermore we invite all participants to virtually meet in Gather.town.

All hours are in GMT

Workshop starts

• 15.30-15.45 – Opening (XAILA Chairs)
• 15.45-16.45 – Keynote Lecture - Wojciech Wiewiórowski (European Data Protection Supervisor), Data protection aspects of Explainability of AI: Between transparency and fairness

Paper session 1

• 16.45-17.15 – Trevor Bench-Capon, Using Issues to Explain Legal Decisions
• 17.15-17.45 – Salvatore Sapienza, Explanations in Risk Analysis: Responsibility, Trust and the Precautionary Principle
• 17.45-18.15 - Alžběta Krausová, Miloslav Konopík, Ondřej Pražák, Jakub Sido, Veronika Žolnerčíková, Václav Moravec and Jaromír Volek, Socially Responsible Virtual Assistant for Privacy Protection: Implementing Trustworthy AI

• 18.15-18.30 - break
• 18.30-19.20 – Keynote Lecture – Katie Atkinson (University of Liverpool), The Landscape and Challenges for Explainability in AI and Law

Paper session 2

• 19.20 - 19.40 - Davide Carneiro, Patrícia Veloso, Miguel Guimarães, Joana Baptista and Miguel Sousa, A Conversational Interface for interacting with Machine Learning models
• 19.40-20.10 - Cor Steging, Bart Verheij and Silja Renooij, Discovering the Rationale of Decisions: Experiments on Aligning Learning and Reasoning
• 20.10-20.40 - roundtable discussion

In the last several years we have observed a growing interest in advanced AI systems achieving impressive task performance. However, there has also been an increased awareness of their complexity and challenging consequences of their possibly limited understandability to humans. In response, a number of research directions have been initiated. These include humanized or human-centered AI, as well as ethically aligned, ethically designed, or just ethical AI. For many of these ideas, the principal concept seems to be the explanatory capability of the AI system (XAI), e.g. via interpretable and explainable machine learning, inclusion of human background knowledge and adequate declarative knowledge, that could provide foundations not only for transparency and understandability, but also for a possible value alignment and human centricity, as the explanation is to be provided to humans.

Recently, the term responsible AI (RAI) has been coined as a step beyond XAI. Discussion of RAI has been again strongly influenced by the “ethical” perspective. However, as practitioners in our fields we are convinced that the advancements of AI are way too fast, and the ethical perspective much too vague to offer conclusive and constructive results. We are convinced that the concepts of responsibility, and accountability should be considered primarily from the legal perspective, also because the operation of AI-based systems poses actual challenges to rights and freedoms of individuals. In the field of law, these concepts should obtain some well-defined interpretation, and reasoning procedures based on them should be clarified. The introduction of AI systems into the public, as well as the legal domain brings many challenges that have to be addressed. The catalogue of these problems include, but is not limited to: (1) the type of liability adequate for the operation of AI (be it civil, administrative of criminal liability); (2) the (re)interpretation of classical legal concepts concerning the ascription of liability, such as causal link, fault or foreseeability and (3) the distribution of liability among the involved actors (AI developers, vendors, operators, customers etc.). As the notions relevant for the discussion of legal liability evolved on the basis of observation and evaluation of human behavior, they are not easily transferable to the new and disputable domain of liability related to the operation of artificial intelligent systems. The goal of the workshop is to cover and integrate these problems and questions, bridging XAI and RAI by integrating methodological AI, as well as the respective ethical and legal perspectives, also specifically with support of established concepts and methods regarding responsibility, and accountability.

Our objective is to bring people from AI interested in XAI and RAI topics and create an ample space for discussion with people from the field of legal scholarship and/or legal practice, and most importantly the vibrant AI & Law community. As many members of the AI and Law community join both perspectives, the JURIX conference is the perfect venue for the workshop. Together we would like to address some questions like:

• the notions of transparency, interpretability and explainability in XAI
• non-functional design choices for explainable and transparent AI systems
• legal consequences of black-box AI systems
• legal criteria and requirements for explainable, transparent, and responsible AI systems
• criteria of legal responsibility discussed in the context of intelligent systems operation and the role of explainability in liability ascription
• possible applications of XAI systems in the area of legal policy deliberation, legal practice, teaching and research
• legal implications of the use of AI systems in different spheres of societal life
• the notion of right to explanation
• relation of XAI and RAI to argumentation technologies
• approaches and architectures for XAI and RAI in AI systems
• XAI, RAI and declarative domain knowledge
• risk-based approach to analysis of AI systems and the influence of XAI on risk assessment
• incorporation of ethical values into AI systems, its legal interpretation and consequences
• XAI, privacy and data protection (conceptual and theoretical issues)
• XAI, certification and compliance

Submission: 18.05.2021
Notification: 01.06.2021
Camera-ready: 10.06.2021
Workshop: 21.06.2021

We accept regular/long papers up to 10-22pp. We also welcome short and position papers from 6-11pp. Please use the Springer LNCS format. A dedicated Easychair installation is provided at https://easychair.org/conferences/?conf=xaila2021icail

Martin Atzmüller, Osnabrück University, Germany
Michał Araszkiewicz, Jagiellonian University, Poland
Kevin Ashley, University of Pittsburgh, USA
Floris Bex, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
Szymon Bobek, Jagiellonian University, Poland
Jörg Cassens, University of Hildesheim, Germany
David Camacho, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Spain
Pompeu Casanovas, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain
Enrico Francesconi, IGSG-CNR, Italy
Paulo Novais, University of Minho Braga, Portugal
Grzegorz J. Nalepa, Jagiellonian University, Poland
Tiago Oliveira, National Institute of Informatics, Japan
Martijn von Otterlo, Tilburg University, The Netherlands
Adrian Paschke, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
Juan Pavón, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
Monica Palmirani, Università di Bologna, Italy
Radim Polčák, Masaryk University, Czech Republic
Víctor Rodríguez-Doncel, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
Ken Satoh, National Institute of Informatics, Japan
Jaromír Šavelka, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Erich Schweighofer, University of Vienna, Austria
Michal Valco, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
Bart Verheij, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
Tomasz Żurek, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University of Lublin, Poland

We are delighted that two excellent keynote speakers accepted our invitation to present their lectures at XAILA2011@ICAIL. They are:

Prof. Wojciech Wiewiórowski, European Data Protection Supervisor

Bio: Adjunct professor in the Faculty of Law and Administration of the University of Gdańsk. He was among others adviser in the field of e-government and information society for the Minister of Interior and Administration, the Director of the Informatisation Department at the Ministry of Interior and Administration. He also represented Poland in committee on Interoperability Solutions for European Public Administrations (the ISA Committee) assisting the European Commission. The Inspector General for the Protection of Personal Data (Polish Data Protection Commissioner) 2010-2014 and the Vice Chair of the Working Party Art. 29 in 2014. In December 2014, he was appointed Assistant European Data Protection Supervisor. After the death of the Supervisor - Giovanni Buttarelli in August 2019 - he replaced Mr. Buttarelli as acting EDPS. His areas of scientific activity include first of all Polish and European IT law, processing and security of information, legal information retrieval systems, informatisation of public administration, and application of new IT tools (semantic web, legal ontologies, cloud, blockchain) in legal information processing.

Prof. Katie Atkinson

Title: The Landscape and Challenges for Explainability in AI and Law

Bio: Katie Atkinson is Professor of Computer Science and Dean of the School of Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Computer Science at the University of Liverpool, UK. Katie's specialist area of research is on computational models of argument, with a recent focus on explainable AI for modelling legal reasoning. She has published over one hundred and fifty articles in peer-reviewed conferences and journals and has also applied her work in a variety of collaborative projects with law firms. Katie was Program Chair of the fifteenth edition of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law held in San Diego, USA in 2015 and she served as President of the International Association for Artificial Intelligence and Law (IAAIL) in 2016 and 2017. In 2020 Katie was appointed to serve as a member of the Lawtech UK Panel, a government-backed initiative to help transform the UK legal sector through technology. Katie is also currently serving on the Computer Science and Informatics sub-panel in the UK Research Excellence Framework (REF) 2021.